1. First, do no harm.
2. I will give no deadly medicine to anyone if asked, nor suggest any such counsel.
3. I will not play at God, or presume to prescribe a regimen for the body or the soul beyond what is within my competence.
4. I will maintain the utmost respect for human life from its beginning, even under threat, and I will not use my medical knowledge contrary to the laws of humanity.
5. I will remember that there is art to medicine as well as science, and that warmth, sympathy, and understanding may outweigh the surgeon's knife or the chemist's drug.
6. I will not be ashamed to say "I know not," nor will I fail to call in my colleagues when the skills of another are needed for a patient's recovery.
7. I will respect the privacy of my patients, for their problems are not disclosed to me that the world may know.
8. I will avoid all intentional wrongdoing and harm, especially abuse or seduction of women or men, whether they are free or slaves.
9. I will remember that I do not treat a fever chart, a cancerous growth, but a sick human being, whose illness may affect the person's family and economic stability.
   My responsibility includes these related problems if I am to care adequately for the sick.
10. I will prevent disease whenever I can, for prevention is preferable to cure.
11. I will remember that I remain a member of society, with special obligations to all my fellow human beings, those sound of mind and body as well as the infirm.
12. If I do not violate this oath, may I enjoy life and art, respected while I live and remembered with affection thereafter.