Introduction

In this article, we will discuss the role of pap smear in female.

What is human papillomavirus?

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the commonest sexually transmitted disease in the world. There are more than 200 types of HPV, and most people don’t know they have it because they don’t show any symptoms.

HPV is usually spread through sexual contact with another person who has the virus. Spread through skin-to-skin contact during vaginal or anal sex, or even during oral sex.

What is pap smear

A pap smear is a type of test that can detect abnormal cells in the cervix. These abnormal cells sometimes lead to cancer, so detecting them early allows you to take action before they become dangerous.

The test involves taking a sample of cells from your cervix and examining it under a microscope. If there are signs of disease, your doctor will recommend further testing or treatment (if necessary). It’s important to know that not all abnormal results mean you have cancer—many women who have an abnormal pap smear still go on to live long lives without any problems at all!

Why should every fertile female do pap smear every three years?

The HPV virus is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI) and is highly contagious. It can infect the skin and mucous membranes of the body, including the mouth and throat.

HPV is responsible for genital warts and cervical cancer, which could lead to death if not treated on time. Cervical cancer affects more than 500000 women every year and causes about 270 000 deaths worldwide annually.

Every female should do Pap smear every three years to detect any abnormalities in their cervix that might develop into cancer later on in life. Depending on finding of pap smear, the at risk individual would require more frequent repeat pap smear.

Asymptomatic infection

You may not know it, but you’re likely to have HPV at some point in your life. It’s a common virus that can be spread through sexual contact and is usually cleared by the body—but sometimes, it doesn’t go away. If an HPV infection isn’t treated, DNA from the virus can cause cell changes that eventually lead to cancer (cervical cancer or other cancers).

Fortunately for most people who get HPV infections, their bodies clear the infection on their own before any problem develops. But some women don’t realize they have an HPV infection because they have no symptoms at all.

Genital warts

Genital warts are caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV), a common sexually transmitted infection. Warts occur on the skin and mucous membranes of the genital area, including the vulva, vagina and cervix. They may be flat or raised and vary in size. The warts can be either single or multiple and are often cauliflower-like in appearance.

Warts can appear suddenly but take months to grow large enough to notice visually; however, they tend to grow at different rates depending on the location of their growth on your body. Genital warts do not cause cancer but they may be a sign of an underlying condition that can lead to cancer if left untreated (elevated levels of CA-125).

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)

CIN is a pre-cancerous condition that can be detected through a Pap test. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) can be treated with cryotherapy or LEEP surgery, which destroys the abnormal tissue and prevents it from spreading further. CIN is not cancer and will not spread to other parts of the body.

More severe lesions

CIN 2 and CIN 3 are treated with a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), which involves using an electric current to remove some of the affected tissue. The advantage of this type of treatment over other methods, such as cryotherapy or laser surgery, is that it can be performed with minimal pain and scarring.

If you’ve tested positive for CIN 1 or more severe lesions (cervical cancer), your doctor may recommend removal of the affected tissue before it becomes cancerous. This process can take place through either a cone biopsy or LEEP procedure. If your doctor recommends these procedures, take the time to fully understand what will happen during each one so that you’re prepared when they come up on your schedule—and ask them why they believe this method will work better than another one like chemotherapy or radiation therapy!

Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women, after breast cancer. It is also the leading cause of death from gynecologic cancers.

Cervical cancer is preventable and treatable, but it’s often not caught early enough for treatment to be effective. That’s why screening tests like pap smears are so important; they can detect cervical changes before they become cancerous and spread to other parts of your body.

The role of pap smear in cervical cancer and infection

Pap smears are a screening test for cervical cancer and infection in the cervix. If a pap smear is abnormal, you may need to have more tests or treatment.

The role of HPV vaccine in female

The HPV vaccine is a well-documented and effective way to prevent cervical cancer. It is recommended for girls aged 9-14 years, and again later in life if they did not get it before. The HPV vaccine consists of 3 doses that are given over a period of 6 months. This vaccine prevents infection with the HPV types most associated with cervical cancer and other diseases caused by certain strains of this virus, including genital warts.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the role of pap smear in cervical cancer and infection is very important. The HPV vaccine can help prevent the development of cervical cancer by preventing HPV infection.